Genotyping is the process of determining an organism’s genetic characteristics from biological data, such as DNA markers, sequence reads, or laboratory output files. In forensic and clinical workflows, genotyping software converts raw instrument data into a genetic profile that can be compared, interpreted, or stored.
In cyber security, genotyping matters because the result is only as trustworthy as the input data. If an attacker can alter a DNA file before analysis, the software may still produce a valid-looking profile while the underlying evidence has been changed. That makes genotyping a data-integrity problem, not just a software bug. Defenders protect these workflows with access controls, file hashing, logging, and chain-of-custody checks so they can prove the biological data used for analysis has not been tampered with. In practice, secure genotyping depends on verifying both the instrument output and every transfer point in the pipeline.