An ERP landscape is the full operating environment around an enterprise resource planning platform: core applications, satellite systems, interfaces, custom code, data stores, and business-specific configuration. In practice, it is not just “the ERP” but the connected set of tools and exceptions that make finance, logistics, procurement, and HR work together.
This matters in cyber security because the landscape often contains the most fragile and least documented dependencies. Attackers may abuse trusted integrations, legacy connectors, or custom extensions to move laterally, steal data, or disrupt transactions. Defenders need a clear inventory of systems, data flows, and customizations so they can patch, segment, monitor, and migrate safely. In SAP environments, knowing the ERP landscape helps teams separate standard processes from risky workarounds and reduces the chance that hidden dependencies become security or migration failures.