A document-management system is software used to store, organize, search, and route electronic records such as forms, case files, contracts, and internal memos. It often acts as a central hub for business or public-sector documents, with workflows for approval, review, and archiving.
In cyber security, these systems matter because they concentrate sensitive information and usually connect to many users and roles. If permissions are too broad, stale accounts remain active, or folder rules are misconfigured, staff may see records they do not need for their job. Attackers also target document systems because one login can expose many files, while defenders rely on least-privilege access, unique user IDs, logging, and regular permission reviews to limit exposure and reconstruct what happened after a suspected breach.