Cyber risk management is the ongoing process of identifying digital assets and threats, protecting systems, detecting suspicious activity, responding to incidents, and recovering safely. It is broader than a one-time security check: it is a continuous discipline that balances business needs, operational safety, and the likelihood and impact of attacks.
In cyber security, this matters because attacks rarely target only one layer. In environments with both IT and OT, weak segmentation, exposed remote access, missing inventories, or untested backups can turn a small compromise into operational disruption. Effective risk management shows up in practical defenses such as access control, patching, logging, network separation, tabletop exercises, and incident response plans. It also helps investigators decide what to preserve, what to isolate, and how to restore services without making the damage worse.