Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the value of goods and services produced within a country over a defined period. It is a standard indicator of economic output, not a direct measure of wealth, losses, or criminal activity.
In cyber security, GDP may be used as a comparison when describing the scale of cybercrime, but estimated damages are not the same as economic production. Loss estimates can include different items, such as theft, recovery costs, or wider disruption, and depend on the method used. Treat claims that rank cybercrime as an economy cautiously unless their figures, scope, and methodology are clear.