An EU IBAN is an International Bank Account Number issued for an account in a European Union country. It identifies the country, bank or payment institution, and account, using a standardized format that includes check digits to help detect errors. IBANs are used to route payments, including many cross-border transfers within Europe.
In digital finance, an EU IBAN can let a business receive and send payments through an account provided by a bank or regulated payment institution. It is an account identifier, not a security feature or proof that a payment request is legitimate. Attackers may misuse valid IBANs in invoice fraud or phishing, while defenders should verify payment details through a trusted channel and use approval controls for changes to beneficiary accounts.