A screen reader is assistive software that converts on-screen text, form fields, buttons, and other interface elements into speech or braille for blind and low-vision users. It does not “see” a page like a visual user; it relies on semantic HTML, labels, headings, focus order, and other machine-readable cues to understand what each control does.
In cyber security, screen readers matter because login pages, consent dialogs, password reset flows, and security prompts must remain usable and unambiguous. Poorly labeled controls, hidden instructions, or custom widgets can block access or cause users to approve the wrong action. Defenders test security-critical interfaces with screen readers to catch these issues, while attackers may abuse confusing layouts or misleading accessible names to trick users. Accessible design therefore supports both usability and safer authentication and review workflows.