Range is the distance a vehicle can travel on a full battery charge before it needs to be recharged. In an electric vehicle, it depends on battery capacity, energy density, vehicle weight, aerodynamics, driving speed, temperature, and how efficiently the drivetrain uses power.
Range matters because it determines whether an EV is practical for daily use, long trips, and fleet operations. A promising prototype can still be limited if the battery cannot store enough energy or if the vehicle consumes power too quickly. In real engineering, range is measured and published under standardized test conditions, then compared against real-world driving to understand performance. Improvements in battery chemistry, power management, and vehicle design all help increase range without making the car heavier or less efficient.