A bandwidth-sharing application lets a user contribute some of their internet connection capacity to a service, often in exchange for payment or rewards. The software may route other users’ traffic through the contributor’s device and internet address. Used with informed consent, this can be an intentional service; installed without the owner’s knowledge, it can turn a device into unauthorized proxy infrastructure.
In cyber security, the distinction between consent and compromise matters. Attackers may install such software after exploiting an exposed or unpatched device, then use its connection to relay traffic. This can consume bandwidth, affect performance, and expose the owner’s IP address to activity they did not authorize. Defenders can reduce risk by patching internet-facing systems, checking for unfamiliar processes or applications, and monitoring unexpected outbound connections.