A Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) is a logical subdivision of a physical network. VLANs allow network administrators to segment network traffic, grouping devices together even if they are not physically connected to the same switch. This segmentation improves security by isolating sensitive data and reducing the risk of unauthorized access. VLANs also enhance network performance and simplify management by limiting broadcast domains and streamlining network policies. Commonly used in enterprise environments, VLANs are configured via network switches and can be identified by unique VLAN IDs. They play a crucial role in modern cybersecurity strategies by controlling traffic flow and access rights.