In mathematics, a transcendental number is a real or complex number that is not the root of any non-zero polynomial equation with rational coefficients. In other words, there is no algebraic equation with rational (or integer) coefficients that such a number can satisfy. Famous examples include π (pi) and e (Euler's number). Transcendental numbers are important in cryptography and cybersecurity because their non-repeating, non-patterned nature makes them useful in generating random numbers and cryptographic keys. Their unpredictability and mathematical properties help strengthen encryption algorithms and secure communications.