Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) refers to a category of software and hardware systems used to monitor, control, and automate industrial processes. SCADA systems collect real-time data from sensors and devices in fields like power generation, water treatment, and manufacturing. Operators can remotely supervise equipment, adjust settings, and respond to issues quickly. These systems are essential for ensuring efficiency, safety, and reliability in critical infrastructure and large-scale industrial operations.