RICO Conspiracy refers to a criminal charge under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act, a U.S. federal law enacted in 1970 to combat organized crime. Under this law, it is illegal for individuals to participate in or conspire to participate in the affairs of an enterprise through a pattern of racketeering activity. A RICO conspiracy charge does not require that the crime itself be completed - only that there was an agreement to commit at least two racketeering acts as part of the enterprise's operations. This charge is often used to prosecute members of criminal organizations, including those involved in cybercrime, fraud, or other illegal activities, by targeting the structure of the group rather than just individual acts.