The NIS Directive (Directive on Security of Network and Information Systems) is a European Union law aimed at boosting the overall level of cybersecurity across member states. Adopted in 2016, it requires essential service providers - such as those in energy, transport, health, and finance - and key digital service providers to take appropriate security measures and report serious incidents. The directive also encourages cooperation between EU countries to respond effectively to cyber threats, helping to protect critical infrastructure and sensitive data. Its goal is to ensure a high, common level of network and information security across the EU.