An MCU, or Microcontroller Unit, is a compact integrated circuit designed to manage specific operations within embedded systems. MCUs combine a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals on a single chip. They are widely used in devices such as smart appliances, automotive systems, medical devices, and industrial controls. In cybersecurity, MCUs are crucial because they often control sensitive operations and data. Protecting MCUs from vulnerabilities, unauthorized access, and tampering is essential to ensure the security and integrity of the systems they govern. Secure firmware updates, encryption, and authentication are common security measures for MCUs.