The Instance Metadata Service (IMDS) is a feature used in cloud computing platforms like Amazon Web Services (AWS) that allows virtual servers (instances) to access information about themselves, such as configuration details, network settings, and temporary security credentials. This service helps instances securely retrieve data needed for their operation without storing sensitive details directly on the server. However, if not properly secured, IMDS can be exploited by attackers to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information, making it important for organizations to follow best security practices when using this service.