A hub motor is an electric motor integrated directly into the hub of a wheel, commonly found in electric bicycles and scooters. This design allows the motor to drive the wheel directly, providing either pedal assistance or full electric propulsion without the need for external chains or gears. Hub motors are valued for their simplicity, quiet operation, and low maintenance, making them a popular choice for personal electric vehicles. They can be installed in either the front or rear wheel and are controlled by an onboard system that regulates power delivery based on user input or preset modes.