eBPF (extended Berkeley Packet Filter) is a powerful technology in the Linux kernel that allows users to run sandboxed programs safely within the kernel space. Originally designed for packet filtering, eBPF has evolved to support a wide range of use cases, including performance monitoring, tracing, and advanced security enforcement. By enabling dynamic, real-time analysis and modification of kernel behavior without requiring kernel code changes or restarts, eBPF enhances system observability and security. Its sandboxing mechanism ensures that eBPF programs are verified for safety before execution, minimizing the risk of kernel crashes or vulnerabilities. eBPF is widely adopted in modern cybersecurity tools for intrusion detection, network visibility, and policy enforcement.