A database leak refers to the unauthorized exposure or disclosure of data stored within a structured data repository, such as SQL or NoSQL databases. This can occur due to misconfigurations, weak access controls, vulnerabilities, or cyberattacks like SQL injection. When a database leak happens, sensitive information - such as personal details, financial records, or login credentials - can be accessed by unauthorized individuals. The consequences of a database leak can include identity theft, financial loss, reputational damage, and regulatory penalties. Preventing database leaks involves implementing strong security measures, regular audits, encryption, and timely patching of vulnerabilities to safeguard stored data.