A Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA) is a process required under data protection laws, such as the GDPR, to identify and minimize privacy risks in projects that involve processing personal data. Organizations must conduct a DPIA when data processing is likely to result in a high risk to individuals’ rights and freedoms, such as large-scale profiling or monitoring. The DPIA involves describing the processing, assessing its necessity and proportionality, identifying risks, and outlining measures to address them. Conducting a DPIA helps organizations ensure compliance, protect individuals’ privacy, and demonstrate accountability to regulators.