Cyberwarfare refers to the use of digital attacks by nations, groups, or individuals to disrupt, damage, or gain unauthorized access to another country's information systems, networks, or critical infrastructure. These attacks can include hacking, spreading malware, or launching denial-of-service operations, often with the goal of espionage, sabotage, or influencing political outcomes. Unlike traditional warfare, cyberwarfare is conducted remotely, often anonymously, and can have widespread effects on national security, economy, and public safety.