Conditional Access is a cybersecurity approach that enforces security policies based on specific conditions, such as user identity, location, device health, or application being accessed. Instead of granting blanket access, organizations use Conditional Access to evaluate these factors in real time and determine whether to allow, block, or require additional authentication for a sign-in attempt. This method helps protect sensitive information by blocking risky or unauthorized access, especially from unfamiliar locations or untrusted devices. It is a key component of modern identity and access management strategies, enhancing security without overly restricting legitimate users.